Una de las principales preocupaciones de un emprendedor es proteger su idea de negocio, lo que es natural ya que la competencia en los negocios es agresiva. Los emprendedores con los que trabajo con frecuencia preguntan cómo pueden registrar su idea de negocio, pensando en que quisieran obtener un registro legal para ello y así, evitar que su idea sea plagiada por terceros. Aquí es importante hacer algunas precisiones sobre los conceptos “proteger” y “registrar”.
Para proteger una idea de negocio existen distintas alternativas, que van desde la más obvia hasta la opción más sofisticada:
1ª. La forma más segura de evitar que alguien copie tu idea de negocio es que no la platiques. Sin duda no hay mejor forma de proteger, aunque es probable que no prospere pues cualquier proyecto necesita del esfuerzo de un equipo de trabajo por pequeño que sea.
2a Otra alternativa de protección, es acudir a la firma de un acuerdo de confidencialidad. En este tipo de acuerdos, se define en qué consiste la información que se considera confidencial y las sanciones a las que se hacen acreedores los firmantes en caso de divulgarla. Este documento tiene carácter legal.
Por otra parte, el registro de una idea de negocio tiene obstáculos de tipo legal. La Ley de Propiedad Industrial señala en su Artículo 19 fracción III que “los esquemas, planes, reglas y métodos para realizar actos mentales, juegos o negocios y los métodos matemáticos” no se consideran invenciones, por lo que no pueden ser registrados como patentes. Incluso, no se consideran en otras figuras de propiedad industrial como registrables. Por tanto, no es posible solicitar el registro de una idea ante el Instituto Mexicano de la Propiedad Industrial.
Por su parte, la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor indica en su Artículo 14 fracción I que “las ideas en sí mismas, las fórmulas, soluciones, conceptos, métodos, sistemas, principios, descubrimientos, procesos e invenciones de cualquier tipo” no son objeto de protección por derechos de autor. Esto significa que el Instituto Nacional del Derecho de Autor tampoco registra ideas.
Considera que todos tenemos la capacidad para generar ideas, aunque no todas las ideas son viables ni todas las personas las llevan a cabo. En esto reside la diferencia. Si tienes una idea de negocio de la que piensas que puede tener éxito comercial, lo recomendable es que la analices y realices un plan de negocio en el corto plazo. Para contar con asesoría y al mismo tiempo cuidar la confidencialidad de la idea, puedes acudir con una incubadora de negocios o bien, directamente con consultores que deben garantizarte no divulgar tu información a través de un acuerdo de confidencialidad escrito. Y sobre todo, si encuentras que tiene un potencial comercial lo más importante es realizarla y cuidar entonces, todo aquello que se genere como propiedad intelectual una vez que las has desarrollado.
Dra. Alejandra Herrera M.
Sendatek, Asesores en Innovación
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entonces, no se puede por ningún medio proteger una metodología de trabajo?
Trabajo en un hospital privado, se me ocurrio ” una idea” que con algunos materiales pueden mejorar en mucho el servicio a los pacientes y por supuesto el servicio que presta el hospital y por mucho superar la competencia…..esa “idea”, no la puedo patentar?
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