La Cuaresma en México es mucho más que un periodo de preparación espiritual; es también un reflejo de la dinámica económica del país. Durante estos 40 días, los creyentes se abstienen de consumir carne roja los viernes, lo que impulsa la demanda de pescados y mariscos. Sin embargo, este 2025, el costo de estos productos se ha disparado, obligando a muchas familias a replantear su menú cuaresmeño.
Precios en alza: el impacto en los consumidores
Un estudio de la Alianza Nacional de Pequeños Comerciantes (ANPEC) revela que el costo de los pescados y mariscos más consumidos en esta temporada ha experimentado un aumento significativo. Los precios por kilogramo varían según el punto de compra:
- Camarón crudo: $295.00 – $430.00
- Camarón pacotilla: $280.00 – $335.00
- Surimi: $175.00 – $188.00
- Mojarra: $134.00 – $142.00
- Pulpo: $280.00 – $380.00
- Salmón: $390.00 – $490.00
- Sierra: $180.00 – $226.00
- Huachinango: $270.00 – $331.00
- Medallón de atún: $285.00 – $384.00
Los precios menores corresponden a mercados y centrales de abasto, mientras que los más altos reflejan los valores en supermercados. Abastecerse en mercados podría costar $2,265.00, un 12% más que el año pasado ($2,020.71), mientras que en supermercados el ticket de compra ascendería a $2,906.00, reflejando un aumento del 18% respecto a 2024 ($2,461.06).
Alternativas en tiempos de crisis
Ante esta situación, muchas familias han optado por reducir su consumo de mariscos o modificarlos en su dieta. Lo que antes era un platillo central ahora se convierte en una guarnición o se sirve en porciones más pequeñas.
El ingenio de la cocina mexicana ofrece alternativas accesibles y deliciosas, como:
- Lentejas y habas en caldo
- Nopales en distintas presentaciones
- Chiles rellenos de queso o atún
- Tortitas de papa o atún
Si bien estas opciones permiten mantener la tradición sin afectar el bolsillo, también reflejan un cambio en la manera en que las familias mexicanas enfrentan la inflación y las fluctuaciones económicas.
Inflación y tensión comercial
La inflación, que según el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) alcanzó un 3.77% al cierre de febrero, es solo uno de los factores que afectan los precios. A esto se suma la incertidumbre derivada de la guerra arancelaria que ha generado sobresaltos en la economía.
Si bien la presidenta Claudia Sheinbaum ha asegurado que el conflicto comercial con EE.UU. está “superado”, la realidad es que las tensiones continúan latentes. Empresas que planeaban invertir en México han pausado sus decisiones, y algunas incluso consideran retirarse del país. Aunque se logró una prórroga en las sanciones arancelarias, la incertidumbre persiste, afectando la economía nacional.
Conclusión
La Cuaresma 2025 no solo pone en evidencia la inflación y su impacto en los hogares mexicanos, sino también la capacidad de adaptación de las familias ante un entorno económico incierto. Mientras los comerciantes aprovechan esta temporada para aumentar sus ventas, los consumidores buscan alternativas para mantener viva la tradición sin comprometer su economía. En un contexto global inestable, la forma en que los mexicanos viven esta Cuaresma refleja una resiliencia que trasciende lo religioso y lo culinario.
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